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The pain is typically sudden, dull, and colicky in nature. There is no inflammatory response, yet the contraction of the gallbladder against the occluded neck will result in pain. Mixed stones – comprised of both cholesterol and bile pigmentsīy Nevit Dilmen, via Wikimedia Commonsįigure 2 – Gallstone found incidentally on an ultrasound scan in an asymptomatic patient Biliary Colicīiliary colic occurs when the gallbladder neck becomes impacted by a gallstone.Commonly seen in those with known haemolytic anaemia.Pigment stones – composed purely of bile pigments, from excess bile pigments production.
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There is a well recognised link between poor diet, obesity, and cholesterol stones.Cholesterol stones – composed purely of cholesterol, from excess cholesterol production.There are three main types of gallstones: Gallstones form as a result of supersaturation of the bile. It is stored in the gallbladder, before passing into the duodenum upon gallbladder stimulation. Pathophysiologyīile is formed from cholesterol, phospholipids, and bile pigments (products of haemoglobin metabolism). This article will focus on the presentation and management of biliary colic and acute cholecystitis. Gallstones can cause a spectrum of disease, from biliary colic to acute pancreatitis, depending on the region of the biliary system involved. Most individuals with gallstones will remain asymptomatic, however on average 1-4% of individuals will develop symptoms secondary to their gallstones. Gallstone disease is a common condition, affecting around 10-14% in Western populations.